Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or
phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
|
|
|
1.
|
The
basic unit of matter is the molecule. _________________________
|
|
|
2.
|
A
substance made up of only one kind of atom is an element.
_________________________
|
|
|
3.
|
Scientists show the composition of compounds by a kind of shorthand known as a
chemical formula. ____________________
|
|
|
4.
|
When
sugar is dissolved in water, the sugar and water are chemically combined.
_________________________
|
|
|
5.
|
A
substance with equal numbers of  ions and
 ions is an acidic solution.
_________________________
|
Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
6.
|
The
space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains a. | protons. | b. | electrons. | c. | neutrons. | d. | ions. | | |
|
|
|
7.
|
The
nucleus is made up of a. | protons and electrons. | b. | electrons and
neutrons. | c. | protons and neutrons. | d. | protons,
neutrons, and electrons. | | |
|
|
|
8.
|
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons
and a. | a different
number of electrons. | b. | a different number of molecules. | c. | a different
number of neutrons. | d. | the same number of neutrons. | | |
|
|
|
9.
|
If an
atom contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is
|
|
|
10.
|
Which
of the following terms describes a substance formed by the combination of two or more elements in
definite proportions? a. | compound | b. | isotope | c. | nucleus | d. | enzyme | | |
|
|
|
11.
|
Which
of the following makes up a molecule of water? a. | one atom of hydrogen and one atom of
oxygen | b. | one atom of sodium and one atom of
chlorine | c. | one atom of hydrogen and two atoms of
oxygen | d. | two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of
oxygen | | |
|
|
|
12.
|
Which
of the following statements about a compound is true? a. | The physical and
chemical properties of a compound are usually very different from those of the elements from which it
is formed. | b. | Only the physical properties of a compound are usually the same
as those of the elements from which it is formed. | c. | Only the
chemical properties of a compound are usually the same as those of the elements from which it is
formed. | d. | The physical and chemical properties of a compound are usually
the same as those of the elements from which it is formed. | | |
|
|
|
13.
|
A
covalent bond is formed as the result of a. | transferring electrons. | b. | sharing an
electron pair. | c. | transferring protons. | d. | sharing a proton
pair. | | |
|
|
|
14.
|
What
type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons? a. | neutral | b. | positive | c. | negative | d. | possibly
positive or negative | | |
|
|
|
15.
|
The
most abundant compound in most living things is a. | carbon dioxide. | b. | water. | c. | sodium chloride. | d. | sugar. | | |
|
|
|
16.
|
Water
molecules are polar, with the a. | oxygen side being slightly positive and the hydrogen side being
slightly negative. | b. | oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly
positive. | c. | oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly
negative. | d. | oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being
slightly positive. | | |
|
|
|
17.
|
A
solution is a(an) a. | breaking of a
chemical bond. | b. | chemical reaction. | c. | evenly
distributed mixture of two or more substances. | d. | combination of
two or more liquids. | | |
|
|
|
18.
|
If
you stir salt into boiling water, you produce a a. | mixture called a suspension. | b. | mixture called a
solution. | c. | solution and suspension. | d. | mixture
only. | | |
|
|
|
19.
|
When
salt is dissolved in water, water is the a. | reactant. | b. | solution. | c. | solute. | d. | solvent. | | |
|
|
|
20.
|
Suspensions are mixtures a. | of water and undissolved material. | b. | in which the
components are evenly distributed throughout the solution. | c. | of both a and
b. | d. | of neither a nor
b. | | |
|
|
|
21.
|
If
the pH of stomach acid and of oven cleaner were measured, a. | both would be
below 7. | b. | both would be above 7. | c. | the pH of
stomach acid would be above 7, but the pH of oven cleaner would be below 7. | d. | the pH of
stomach acid would be below 7, but the pH of oven cleaner would be above 7. | | |
|
|
|
22.
|
A map
of eastern North America, showing the pH of rainfall in the various states, indicates that the pH of
rain in New York State varies from 4.22 to 4.40. According to these figures, the most acidic rainfall
in New York State has a pH of a. | 4.22. | b. | 4.30. | c. | 4.35. | d. | 4.40. | | |
|
|
|
23.
|
A
substance with a pH of 6 is called a. | an acid. | b. | a
base. | c. | both an acid and a base. | d. | neither an acid
nor a base. | | |
|
|
|
24.
|
Solutions that contain concentrations of H+ ions lower than pure
water a. | have pH values
below 7. | b. | are acids. | c. | are
bases. | d. | are enzymes. | | |
|
|
|
25.
|
In
chemical reactions, atoms are a. | created. | b. | destroyed. | c. | rearranged. | d. | neutralized. | | |
|
Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
|
|
|
26.
|
The
subatomic particles that make up atoms are protons, neutrons, and ____________________.
|
|
|
27.
|
Most
of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the ____________________.
|
|
|
28.
|
A
chemical bond formed by the transfer of electrons is a(an) ____________________ bond.
|
|
|
29.
|
The
stomach produces a(an) ____________________ to help digest food.
|